Food From Plants:
Green plants are known as producers because they prepare their
own food. They use light, air (carbon dioxide), water, and chlorophyll
(present in their leaves) to prepare their food by the process of
photosynthesis.
Different plant parts serve as sources of food for us. Fruits, vegetables, cereals, and pulses that we eat are obtained from different parts of a plant.
Roots of plants like carrot, radish, turnip, sweet potato, and beetroot are eaten (Fig. 1.1).
Stems of certain plants are eaten. For example, the stem of sugarcane
plant is eaten and is also used to make sugar. The stem and flower of
the banana plant is cooked and eaten in different parts of India.
Certain plants have underground stems that we eat. Examples are potato,
onion, garlic, and ginger (Fig. 1.2).
Leaves of plants like lettuce, spinach, cabbage, coriander, mint, and basil are eaten (Fig. 1.3).
Flowers of certain plants like cauliflower, broccoli, and banana are also eaten (Fig. 1.4).
Seeds Pulses like mung bean, kidney bean, chickpea, and cereals (wheat,
maize, and rice) that we eat are seeds of plants (Fig. 1.5).
Wheat grains are ground to make flour (atta) which is used to make
chapattis. Cumin seeds, pepper, and cardamom that we eat as spices are
also seeds of different plants.
Sprouted seeds (or sprouts) of mung bean and chickpea (Bengal gram)
are very nutritious. Sprouting involves soaking seeds and draining the
water and then leaving them till they germinate. Sprouts can be eaten
raw as salads or cooked.
Fruits and vegetables Plants also provide us fruits and vegetables (Fig. 1.6).
Like different plant parts, animal too serve as sources of food. Let us
learn about the main food products obtained from animals.
Food From Animal:
Animal products like meat, egg, honey, milk, cheese, butter, and curd are eaten by human beings.
Meat of animals like goat, chicken, fish, and prawns is commonly eaten (Fig. 1.7).
Egg Hen’s egg is the most common bird egg eaten in the world. It is a
rich source of proteins and vitamins. Some people also eat eggs of goose
and duck.
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